Hot Trials 2023

• Bladin. Management of Poststroke Hyperglycemia: Results of the TEXAIS Randomized Clinical Trial. Stroke 2023;54:2962–2971
• Khadijah. Isotonic balanced fluid versus 0.9% saline in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: A double-blinded randomised controlled trial. Am J Emerg Med 2023;epublished December 10th
• Dal-Pizzol. Prophylactic minocycline for delirium in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial. Chest 2023;epublished December 1st
• Smit. Efficacy of haloperidol to decrease the burden of delirium in adult critically ill patients: the EuRIDICE randomized clinical trial. Crit Care 2023;27:413
• Payen. Intracranial pressure monitoring with and without brain tissue oxygen pressure monitoring for severe traumatic brain injury in France (OXY-TC). Lancet Neurol 2023;22(11):1005-1014
• Bendszus. Endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke with established large infarct: multicentre, open-label, randomised trial. Lancet 2023;epublished October 10th
• Liu. Efficacy and Safety of Ciprofol Sedation in ICU Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation: A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized, Noninferiority Trial. Crit Care Med 2023;51(10):1318-1327
• Mistry. Blood Pressure Management After Endovascular Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The BEST-II Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;330(9):821-831
• Kakar. Effect of a music intervention on anxiety in adult critically ill patients: a multicenter randomized clinical trial. J Intensive Care 2023;11(1):36
• Ma. The third Intensive Care Bundle with Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT3): an international, stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2023;402(10395):27-40
• Zi. Tirofiban for Stroke without Large or Medium-Sized Vessel Occlusion. N Engl J Med 2023;388:2025-2036
• Stefan. Effectiveness of Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Drain Among Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol epublished June 18th
• Olthuis. Endovascular treatment versus no endovascular treatment after 6–24 h in patients with ischaemic stroke and collateral flow on CT angiography (MR CLEAN-LATE) in the Netherlands: a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2023;401:1371-1380
• Sarraj. Trial of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large Ischemic Strokes. N Engl J Med 2023;388:1259-1271.
• Huo. Trial of Endovascular Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke with Large Infarct. N Engl J Med 2023;388:1272-1283.
• Wang. Tenecteplase versus alteplase in acute ischaemic cerebrovascular events (TRACE-2): a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2023;epublished February 9th
• Chen. Effect of Argatroban Plus Intravenous Alteplase vs Intravenous Alteplase Alone on Neurologic Function in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. The ARAIS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished February 9th
• Sharshar. Valproic acid as adjuvant treatment for convulsive status epilepticus: a randomised clinical trial. Crit Care 2023;27:8
• Soukup. Prolonged sedation with sevoflurane in comparison to intravenous sedation in critically ill patients - A randomized controlled trial. J Crit Care 2023;74:154251

• Carson. Restrictive or Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Myocardial Infarction and Anemia. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished November 11th
• Mehra. Aspirin and Hemocompatibility Events With a Left Ventricular Assist Device in Advanced Heart Failure. The ARIES-HM3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished November 11th
• Kim. Early Left Ventricular Unloading or Conventional Approach After Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The EARLY-UNLOAD Randomized Clinical Trial. Circulation 2023;epublished October 18th
• Stähli. Timing of Complete Revascularization with Multivessel PCI for Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med 2023;389:1368-1379
• Balik. Propafenone versus amiodarone for supraventricular arrhythmias in septic shock: a randomised controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 2023;epublished September 12th
• Park. Early Left Atrial Venting versus Conventional Treatment for Left Ventricular Decompression during Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support: The EVOLVE-ECMO Randomised Clinical Trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2023;epublished Aug 29
• Thiele. Extracorporeal Life Support in Infarct-Related Cardiogenic Shock. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished August 26th
• Biscaglia. Complete or Culprit-Only PCI in Older Patients with Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished August 26th
• Van de Werf. STREAM-2: Half-Dose Tenecteplase or Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Older Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized, Open-Label Trial. Circulation 2023;148(9):753-764
• Conen. Effect of colchicine on perioperative atrial fibrillation and myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery in patients undergoing major thoracic surgery (COP-AF): an international randomised trial. Lancet 2023;epublished August 25th
• Anstey. Intravenous vitamin C for vasoplegia: A double-blinded randomised clinical trial (VALENCIA trial). J Crit Care 2023;78:154369
• Bruno. Direct assessment of microcirculation in shock: a randomized-controlled multicenter study. Intensive Care Med 2023;epublished June 6th
• Diletti. Immediate versus staged complete revascularisation in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and multivessel coronary disease (BIOVASC): a prospective, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised trial. Lancet 2023;epublished March 5th
• Bollaert. Fluid balance control in critically ill patients: results from POINCARE-2 stepped wedge cluster-randomized trial. Crit Care 2023;27:66

• Obling. Prehospital high-dose methylprednisolone in resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients (STEROHCA): a randomized clinical trial. Intensive Care Med 2023;epublished November 9th
• Patterson. Expedited transfer to a cardiac arrest centre for non-ST-elevation out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (ARREST): a UK prospective, multicentre, parallel, randomised clinical trial. Lancet 2023;epublished August 27th
• Eastwood. Mild Hypercapnia or Normocapnia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished June 15th
• Wu. Acute traumatic coma awakening by right median nerve electrical stimulation: a randomised controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 2023;epublished May 13th
• Suverein. Early Extracorporeal CPR for Refractory Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (INCEPTION). N Engl J Med 2023;388:299-309

• Freund. Effect of Noninvasive Airway Management of Comatose Patients With Acute Poisoning. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished November 29th
• Prekker. Video versus Direct Laryngoscopy for Tracheal Intubation of Critically Ill Adults. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished June 16th
• Choi. Videolaryngoscopy vs. flexible fibrescopy for tracheal intubation in patients with cervical spine immobilisation: a randomised controlled trial. Anaesthesia 2023;epublished May 5th
• Bandyopadhyay. Peri-Intubation Hypoxia After Delayed Versus Rapid Sequence Intubation in Critically Injured Patients on Arrival to Trauma Triage: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Analg 2023;136(5):913-919
• Badovinac. Tranexamic Acid vs Adrenaline for Controlling Iatrogenic Bleeding During Flexible Bronchoscopy: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Chest. 2023;163(4):985-993
• Kriege. A multicentre randomised controlled trial of the McGrath Mac videolaryngoscope versus conventional laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia 2023;epublished March 16th
• Landais. Continued enteral nutrition until extubation compared with fasting before extubation in patients in the intensive care unit: an open-label, cluster-randomised, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial (AMBROISIE). Lancet Respir Med 2023;epublished January 21st
• Grillot. Effect of Remifentanil vs Neuromuscular Blockers During Rapid Sequence Intubation on Successful Intubation Without Major Complications Among Patients at Risk of Aspiration. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;329(1):28-38

• Schmidt. Prone Positioning During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Patients With Severe ARDS. The PRONECMO Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished December 1st
• Ehrmann. Inhaled Amikacin to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished October 25th
• Albert. Sigh Ventilation in Patients With Trauma. The SiVent Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished October 25th
• Svenningsen. Effects of Dupilumab on Mucus Plugging and Ventilation Defects in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Asthma: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023;epublished August 18th
• Medrinal. Transcutaneous electrical diaphragmatic stimulation in mechanically ventilated patients: a randomised study. Crit Care 2023;27:338
• Arvig. Impact of serial cardiopulmonary point-of-care ultrasound exams in patients with acute dyspnoea: a randomised, controlled trial. Emerg Med J 2023;epublished August 18th
• van der Wal. Conservative versus Liberal Oxygenation Targets in Intensive Care Unit Patients (ICONIC): A Randomized Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023;epublished August 7th
• Richard. Ultra-low tidal volume ventilation for COVID-19-related ARDS in France (VT4COVID): a multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, randomised trial. Lancet Respir Med 2023;epublished July 12th
• Nay. Prone position versus usual care in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients in medical wards: a randomised controlled trial. Crit Care 2023;27(1):240
• Menga. Respective Effects of Helmet Pressure Support, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, and Nasal High-Flow in Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023;207(10):1310-1323
• Dequin. Hydrocortisone in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished March 21st
• Bowdish. A Randomized Trial of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Moderate to Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome from COVID-19. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023;207(3):61–270
• De Jong. Effect of non-invasive ventilation after extubation in critically ill patients with obesity in France: a multicentre, unblinded, pragmatic randomised clinical trial (EXTUB-OBESE). Lancet Respir Med 2023;epublished January 21st

Observational

• Pham. Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study. Lancet Respir Med 2023;epublished January 21st

• de Wijkerslooth. 2 days versus 5 days of postoperative antibiotics for complex appendicitis: a pragmatic, open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority randomised trial. Lancet 2023;401(10374):366-376
• Jabaudon. Thoracic epidural analgesia in intensive care unit patients with acute pancreatitis: the EPIPAN multicenter randomized controlled trial. Crit Care 2023;27:213
• Siao. Effects of a swallowing and oral-care program on resuming oral feeding and reducing pneumonia in patients following endotracheal extubation: a randomized, open-label, controlled trial. Crit Care 2023;27:283

• Gunst. Tight Blood-Glucose Control without Early Parenteral Nutrition in the ICU. N Engl J Med 2023;389:1180-1190
• Reignier. Low versus standard calorie and protein feeding in ventilated adults with shock: a randomised, controlled, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group trial (NUTRIREA-3). Lancet Respir Med 2023;epublished March 20th
• Heyland. The effect of higher protein dosing in critically ill patients with high nutritional risk (EFFORT Protein): an international, multicentre, pragmatic, registry-based randomised trial. Lancet 2023;epublished January 25th

• Kulkarni AV. Antibiotics with or without Rifaximin for acute hepatic Encephalopathy in critically ill patients with cirrhosis: A double-blind, randomized controlled (ARiE) trial. Am J Gastroenterol. 2023;epublished November 9th
• Louvet. Effect of Prophylactic Antibiotics on Mortality in Severe Alcohol-Related Hepatitis. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;329(18):1558-1566

• Collins. Balanced crystalloid solution versus saline in deceased donor kidney transplantation (BEST-Fluids): a pragmatic, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 2023;epublished June 18th
• Blankestijn. Effect of Hemodiafiltration or Hemodialysis on Mortality in Kidney Failure. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished June 16th

• Carson. Restrictive or Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Myocardial Infarction and Anemia. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished November 11th
• Ayaganov. Prospective, randomized study of fibrinogen concentrate versus cryoprecipitate for correcting hypofibrinogenemia in cardiac surgery patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2023;epublished October 25th
• Zafrani. Magnesium sulphate in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (MAGMAT): a randomised, double-blind, superiority trial. Intensive Care Med 2023;epublished October 23rd
• Siegal. Small-Volume Blood Collection Tubes to Reduce Transfusions in Intensive Care. The STRATUS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished October 12th
• Floor. Platelet Transfusion before CVC Placement in Patients with Thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med 2023;388:1956-1965

Observational Study

• Raasveld. Red Blood Cell Transfusion in the Intensive Care Unit. JAMA 2023;epublished October 12th

• The REMAP-CAP Investigators. Simvastatin in Critically Ill Patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2023;389:2341-2354
• The LOVIT-COVID Investigators, on behalf of the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group, and the REMAP-CAP Investigators. Intravenous Vitamin C for Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19. Two Harmonized Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA 2023;epublished October 25th
• Misset. Convalescent Plasma for Covid-19–Induced ARDS in Mechanically Ventilated Patients. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished October 25th
• Whitehouse. Landiolol and Organ Failure in Patients With Septic Shock. The STRESS-L Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished October 25th
• Qian. Cefepime vs Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Adults Hospitalized With Acute Infection: The ACORN Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished October 14th
• Holland. Ceftobiprole for Treatment of Complicated Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. N Engl J Med 2023;389:1390-1401
• Donovan. Adjunctive Dexamethasone for Tuberculous Meningitis in HIV-Positive Adults. N Engl J Med 2023;389:1357-1367
• O'Halloran. Abatacept, Cenicriviroc, or Infliximab for Treatment of Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished July 10th
• Huang. Nasal Iodophor Antiseptic vs Nasal Mupirocin Antibiotic in the Setting of Chlorhexidine Bathing to Prevent Infections in Adult ICUs. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;330(14):1337-1347
• Moskowitz. Thiamine for Renal Protection in Septic Shock (TRPSS): A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023;epublished June 26th
• Brown. Intravenous aviptadil and remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19-associated hypoxaemic respiratory failure in the USA (TESICO): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med;epublished June 19th
• Monti. Continuous vs Intermittent Meropenem Administration in Critically Ill Patients With SepsisThe MERCY Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished June 16th
• Roquilly. Interferon gamma-1b for the prevention of hospital-acquired pneumonia in critically ill patients: a phase 2, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Intensive Care Med 2023;epublished April 18th
• Annane. Intravenous ravulizumab in mechanically ventilated patients hospitalised with severe COVID-19: a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 2023;epublished March 20th
• Varghese. Intravenous Doxycycline, Azithromycin, or Both for Severe Scrub Typhus. N Engl J Med 2023;388(9):792-803
• The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Prevention and Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury Clinical Trials Network. Early Restrictive or Liberal Fluid Management for Sepsis-Induced Hypotension. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished January 21st

COVID-19

• Nay. Prone position versus usual care in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients in medical wards: a randomised controlled trial. Crit Care 2023;27(1):240
• Brown. Intravenous aviptadil and remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19-associated hypoxaemic respiratory failure in the USA (TESICO): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med;epublished June 19th
• Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP Investigators. Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Initiation on Organ Support-Free Days in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;329(14):1183-1196
• Self. Renin-Angiotensin System Modulation With Synthetic Angiotensin (1-7) and Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor-Biased Ligand in Adults With COVID-19: Two Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA 2023;329(14):1170-1182
• RECOVERY Collaborative Group. Higher dose corticosteroids in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 who are hypoxic but not requiring ventilatory support (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial. Lancet 2023;epublished April 12th
• Trøseid. Efficacy and safety of baricitinib in hospitalized adults with severe or critical COVID-19 (Bari-SolidAct): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Crit Care 2023;27:9

• Johansson. Prostacyclin in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023;epublished November 14th
• Davenport. Early and Empirical High-Dose Cryoprecipitate for Hemorrhage After Traumatic InjuryThe CRYOSTAT-2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished October 12th
• Jansen. Emergency Department Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta in Trauma Patients With Exsanguinating Hemorrhage. The UK-REBOA Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished October 12th
• Meyer. Randomized Controlled Trial of Surgical Rib Fixation to Nonoperative Management in Severe Chest Wall Injury. Ann Surg 2023;278(3):357-365
• Hayakawa. The Restrictive Red Blood Cell Transfusion Strategy for Critically Injured Patients (RESTRIC) trial: a cluster-randomized, crossover, non-inferiority multicenter trial of restrictive transfusion in trauma. J Intensive Care 2023;11:34
• Shepherd. Safety and efficacy of artesunate treatment in severely injured patients with traumatic hemorrhage. The TOP-ART randomized clinical trial. Intensive Care Med 2023;epublished July 21st
• The PATCH-Trauma Investigators and the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group. Prehospital Tranexamic Acid for Severe Trauma. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished June 14th
• Wang. The effectiveness of early surgical stabilization for multiple rib fractures: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. J Cardiothorac Surg 2023;18(1):118
• Bouzat. Efficacy and Safety of Early Administration of 4-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in Patients With Trauma at Risk of Massive TransfusionThe PROCOAG Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished March 21st

• Peters. Conservative versus liberal oxygenation targets in critically ill children (Oxy-PICU): a UK multicentre, open, parallel-group, randomised clinical trial. Lancet 2023;epublished December 1st
• Schmidt. Prone Positioning During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Patients With Severe ARDS. The PRONECMO Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;epublished December 1st
• Vishwa. Pressure support versus continuous positive airway pressure for predicting successful liberation from invasive ventilation in children: an open label, randomized non-inferiority trial. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia 2023;14:100219
• Sankar. Multiple Electrolytes Solution Versus Saline as Bolus Fluid for Resuscitation in Pediatric Septic Shock: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial. Crit Care Med 2023;epublished June 9th
• Hansen. Cerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants. N Engl J Med 2023; 388:1501-1511
• Roca. Effect of Intrapartum Azithromycin vs Placebo on Neonatal Sepsis and Death. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;329(9):716-724
• Welzel. Methylprednisolone versus intravenous immunoglobulins in children with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS): an open-label, multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2023;epublished February 3rd
• Franklin. Effect of Early High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Standard Oxygen Therapy on Length of Hospital Stay in Hospitalized Children With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure. The PARIS-2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;329(3):224-234

Rehabilitation

• Schweickert. Structured Mobilization for Critically Ill Patients: A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023;epublished March 30th
• Patel. Effect of early mobilisation on long-term cognitive impairment in critical illness in the USA: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 2023;epublished January 21st

Perioperative

• Ferrando. Individualised, perioperative open-lung ventilation strategy during one-lung ventilation (iPROVE-OLV): a multicentre, randomised, controlled clinical trial. Lancet Respir Med 2023;epublished December 5th
• Schaller. Goal-directed Perioperative Albumin Substitution Versus Standard of Care to Reduce Postoperative Complications - A Randomized Clinical Trial (SuperAdd Trial). Ann Surg 2023;epublished July 21st
• Ghadimi. Inhaled Epoprostenol Compared With Nitric Oxide for Right Ventricular Support After Major Cardiac Surgery. Circulation 2023;epublished July 4th
• The TRACE Study Investigators. Routine Postsurgical Anesthesia Visit to Improve 30-day Morbidity and Mortality. A Multicenter, Stepped-wedge Cluster Randomized Interventional Study (The TRACE Study). Ann Surg 2023;277(3):375-380
• Stoppe. Effect of High-Dose Selenium on Postoperative Organ Dysfunction and Mortality in Cardiac Surgery Patients: The SUSTAIN CSX Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Surg 2023;epublished January 11th

End-of-Life

• Curtis. Intervention to Promote Communication About Goals of Care for Hospitalized Patients With Serious Illness. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023;329(23):2028-2037
• Campbell. Effectiveness of an Algorithmic Approach to Ventilator Withdrawal at the End of Life: A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial. J Palliat Med 2023;epublished August 18th

Transplantation

• Dhar. Intravenous Levothyroxine for Unstable Brain-Dead Heart Donors. N Engl J Med 2023;389:2029-2038
• Westphal. Evidence-Based Checklist to Delay Cardiac Arrest in Brain-Dead Potential Organ Donors. The DONORS Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2023;6(12):e2346901
• Schroder. Transplantation Outcomes with Donor Hearts after Circulatory Death. N Engl J Med 2023;388:2121-2131

Obstetrics

• Gallos. Randomized Trial of Early Detection and Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 2023;epublished May 9th

Other

• Dijkstra. Effect of a Standardized Family Participation Program in the ICU: A Multicenter Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Crit Care Med 2023;epublished November 12th
• Hoffmann. Effects of an online information tool on post-traumatic stress disorder in relatives of intensive care unit patients: a multicenter double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (ICU-Families-Study). Intensive Care Med 2023;epublished October 23rd
• Kok. Effect of Structural Moral Case Deliberation on Burnout Symptoms, Moral Distress, and Team Climate in ICU Professionals: A Parallel Cluster Randomized Trial. Crit Care Med 2023;51(10):1294-1305